利用拟水平井改善水驱开发效果

提出了拟水平井的概念。研究认为在水驱开发过程中基于大孔道可以形成拟水平井,而形成拟水平井的主要方法就是侧钻、优势通道上生产井关井或转注。采用流线数值模拟技术研究了拟水平井改善水驱开发效果的可行性,并与调剖堵水技术进行了效果对比。与传统的调剖堵水相比,拟水平井可以取得相对高的提高采收率水平和较好的经济效益。     

随机网络的计算机模拟

在对随机网络技术研究和探讨的基础之上，本文提出了衡量随机网络模拟动态特性的指标，在ＧＥＲＴ网络中建立了关键线路和关键活动的概念，进一步完善了随机网络的计算机模拟理论，并用标准ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ７７语言编制了随机网络的计算机模拟程序ＧＥＲＴＳＰ。     

井眼轨迹预测控制技术

通过对底部钻具组合受力变形分析、地层力的计算及井壁变形影响分析，提出了钻具结构集度的概念和计算方法；在分析影响井眼轨迹主要因素的基础上，用数理统计的方法，建立了井眼轨迹预测模式，完善了井眼轨迹预测控制技术。经现场应用，收效显著。     

GIS在敏捷运输路径选择中的应用

大宗多种物资多源多汇(多O-D对)敏捷运输问题不同于传统运输问题,它以时间约束为首要考虑的因素。该文从基于地理信息系统(GIS)快速运输的思路出发,对多供需点带时间约束和成本优化的调运问题给出了启发式算法,最后给出了算例。     

Crack path selection in adhesively bonded joints: the roles of external loads and speciment geometry

This paper investigates the roles of external loads and specimen geometry on crack path selection in adhesively bonded joints. First, the effect of mixed mode fracture on crack path selection is studied. Using epoxy as an adhesive and aluminum as the adherends, double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens with various T-stress levels are prepared and tested under mixed mode fracture loading. Post-failure analyses on the failure surfaces using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggest that the failure tends to be more interfacial as the mode II fracture component in the loading increases. This fracture mode dependence of the locus of failure demonstrates that the locus of failure is closely related to the direction of crack propagation in adhesive bonds. Through analyzing the crack trajectories in failed specimens, the effect of mixed mode fracture on the directional stability of cracks is also investigated. The results indicate that the direction of the crack propagation is mostly stabilized when more than 3% of mode II fracture component is present at the crack tip regardless of the T-stress levels in the specimens for the material system studied. Second, using a high-speed camera to monitor the fracture sequence in both quasi-static and low-speed impact tests, the effect of debond rate on the locus of failure and directional stability of cracks is investigated. Post-failure analyses including XPS, Auger electron spectroscopic depth profile, and scanning electron microscopy indicate that as the crack propagation rate increases, the failure tends to be more cohesive and the cracks tend to be directionally unstable. Last, as indicated by the finite element analyses results, the T-stresses, and therefore the directional stability of cracks in adhesive bonds, are closely related to the thickness of the adhesive layer and also the thickness of adherend. This specimen geometry dependence of crack path selection is studied analytically and is verified experimentally.     

A note on the attractor-property of infinite-state Markov chains

In the past 5 years, a series of verification algorithms has been proposed for infinite Markov chains that have a finite attractor, i.e., a set that will be visited infinitely often almost surely starting from any state. In this paper, we establish a sufficient criterion for the existence of an attractor. We show that if the states of a Markov chain can be given levels (positive integers) such that the expected next level for states at some level n>0 is less than n−Δ for some positive Δ, then the states at level 0 constitute an attractor for the chain. As an application, we obtain a direct proof that some probabilistic channel systems combining message losses with duplication and insertion errors have a finite attractor.     

IP的出路--多协议标签交换(MPLS)

作为下一代网络的来越重要的角色.介绍了MPLS的概念、组成,详细分析了其工作原理及其承载的各种应用,为打造支持未来3G业务的精品IP承载网提供了一些参考.     

三维最短路径法射线追踪及改进

射线追踪技术在地震学领域有着广泛的应用，其中以最短路径算法在复杂介质中走时计算稳定性最好。理论上最短路径法的误差来源为速度模型采样误差、空间离散化误差和角度离散化的误差，由此造成网格稀疏时射线路径呈之字形，计算走时比实际走时偏大。弯曲法追踪精度高，但是射线追踪速度受初始路径与真实射线路径逼近程度制约，在复杂介质中可能找不到全局最小走时路径。最短路径法追踪出来的网格射线路径，可以作为较理想的初始路径，供弯曲法迭代优化。将最短路径法和弯曲法结合，通过射线在初始路径附近的扰动得到Fermat原理约束下的最短路径。文章对常速模型的试算，显示了改进方法对射线路径优化的作用，在模型网格稀疏的情况下效果尤其明显。本算法适用于计算三维任意复杂介质中初至波走时和射线路径，可应用于三维走时层析成像等领域。